本文分为三个部分:一般性建议,原理设计建议和布局建议。一般性建议概要介绍了如何在应用中发挥器件性能的设计实践。主要讨论了ADC外围元器件布局方面一些好的习惯,以及和PCB本身相关的一些建议。原理设计建议提供了一些为重要和敏感的器件引脚上元件的参数。,布局建议部分详细解说了如何在转换器周围放置外围元件,指出了哪些外部元件应该放置在顶层,哪些应放在底层,并在提供了一些有关PCB的更多信息。
请参考图1的引出脚示意图,和表1所列的MAX12557的引脚说明。MAX12557的评估(EV)板提供多种选择,允许选择单端或差分时钟输入、单端或差分模拟输入、以及内部或外部基准等。因此,图2-5的评估板电路图中使用的外围元件和配置比正常应用中多。,图6和7还给出了评估板的顶层和底层的丝印和元件布局。

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图1. MAX12557的引脚排列
表1. MAX12557引脚说明
| PIN | NAME | FUNCTION |
| 1, 4, 5, 9, 13, 14, 17 | GND | Converter Ground. Connect all ground pins and the exposed paddle (EP) together. |
| 2 | INAP | Channel A Positive Analog Input |
| 3 | INAN | Channel A Negative Analog Input |
| 6 | COMA | Channel A Common-Mode Voltage I/O. |
| 7 | REFAP | Channel A Positive Reference I/O. Channel A conversion range is ±2/3 x (VREFAP-VREFAN). |
| 8 | REFAN | Channel A Negative Reference I/O. Channel A conversion range is ±2/3 x (VREFAP-VREFAN). |
| 10 | REFBN | Channel B Negative Reference I/O. Channel B conversion range is ±2/3 x (VREFBP-VREFBN). |
| 11 | REFBP | Channel B Positive Reference I/O. Channel B conversion range is ±2/3 x (VREFBP-VREFBN). |
| 12 | COMB | Channel B Common-Mode Voltage I/O |
| 15 | INBN | Channel B Negative Analog Input |
| 16 | INBP | Channel B Positive Analog Input |
| 18 | DIFFCLK//SECLK\ | Differential/Single-Ended Input Clock Drive. This input selects between single-ended or differential clock input drives. DIFFCLK//SECLK\ = GND: Selects single-ended clock input drive. DIFFCLK//SECLK\ = OVDD: Selects differential clock input drive. |
| 19 | CLKN | Negative Clock Input. In differential clock input mode (DIFFCLK//SECLK\ = OVDD or VDD), connect a differential clock signal between CLKP and CLKN. In single-ended clock mode (DIFFCLK//SECLK\ = GND), apply the clock signal to CLKP and tie CLKN to GND. |
| 20 | CLKP | Positive Clock Input. In differential clock input mode (DIFFCLK//SECLK\ = OVDD or VDD), connect a differential clock signal between CLKP and CLKN. In single-ended clock mode (DIFFCLK//SECLK\ = GND), apply the single-ended clock signal to CLKP and connect CLKN to GND. |
| 21 | DIV2 | Divide-by-Two Clock Divider Digital Control Input |
| 22 | DIV4 | Divide-by-Four Clock Divider Digital Control Input |
| 23-26, 61, 62, 63 | VDD | Analog Power Input. Connect VDD to a 3.15V to 3.60V power supply. Connect all VDD pins to the same potential. |
| 27, 43, 60 | OVDD | Output Driver Power Input. Connect OVDD to a 1.7V to VDD power supply. |
| 28, 29, 45, 46 | N.C. | No Connect |
| 30 | D0B | Channel B CMOS Digital Output, Bit 0 (LSB) |
| 31 | D1B | Channel B CMOS Digital Output, Bit 1 |
| 32 | D2B | Channel B CMOS Digital Output, Bit 2 |
| 33 | D3B | Channel B CMOS Digital Output, Bit 3 |
| 34 | D4B | Channel B CMOS Digital Output, Bit 4 |
| 35 | D5B | Channel B CMOS Digital Output, Bit 5 |
| 36 | D6B | Channel B CMOS Digital Output, Bit 6 |
| 37 | D7B | Channel B CMOS Digital Output, Bit 7 |
| 38 | D8B | Channel B CMOS Digital Output, Bit 8 |
| 39 | D9B | Channel B CMOS Digital Output, Bit 9 |
| 40 | D10B | Channel B CMOS Digital Output, Bit 10 |
| 41 | D13B | Channel B CMOS Digital Output, Bit 11 (MSB) |
| 42 | DORB | Channel B Data Out-of-Range Indicator. The DORB digital output indicates when the channel B analog input voltage is out of range. DORB = 1: Digital outputs exceed full-scale range. DORB = 0: Digital outputs are within full-scale range. |
| 44 | DAV | Data Valid Digital Output. The rising edge of DAV indicates that data is present on the digital outputs. The evaluation kit utilizes DAV to latch data into external back-end digital logic. |
| 47 | D0A | Channel A CMOS Digital Output, Bit 0 (LSB) |
| 48 | D1A | Channel A CMOS Digital Output, Bit 1 |
| 49 | D2A | Channel A CMOS Digital Output, Bit 2 |
| 50 | D3A | Channel A CMOS Digital Output, Bit 3 |
| 51 | D4A | Channel A CMOS Digital Output, Bit 4 |
| 52 | D5A | Channel A CMOS Digital Output, Bit 5 |
| 53 | D6A | Channel A CMOS Digital Output, Bit 6 |
| 54 | D7A | Channel A CMOS Digital Output, Bit 7 |
| 55 | D8A | Channel A CMOS Digital Output, Bit 8 |
| 56 | D9A | Channel A CMOS Digital Output, Bit 9 |
| 57 | D10A | Channel A CMOS Digital Output, Bit 10 |
| 58 | D13A | Channel A CMOS Digital Output, Bit 11 (MSB) |
| 59 | DORA | Channel A Data Out-of-Range Indicator. The DORA digital output indicates when the channel A analog input voltage is out of range. DORA = 1: Digital outputs exceed full-scale range. DORA = 0: Digital outputs are within full-scale range. |
| 64 | G//T\ | Output Format Select Digital Input. G//T\ = GND: Two's complement output format selected. G//T\ = OVDD: Gray code output format selected. |
| 65 | PD | Power Down Digital Input. PD = GND: ADCs are fully operational. PD = OVDD: ADCs are powered down. |
| 66 | SHREF | Shared Reference Digital Input. SHREF = VDD: Shared Reference Enabled SHREF = GND: Shared Reference Disabled When sharing the reference, externally connect REFAP and REFBP together to ensure that VREFAP equals VREFBP. Similarly, when sharing the reference, externally connect REFAN to REFBN together to ensure that VREFAN = VREFBN. |
| 67 | REFOUT | Internal Reference Voltage Output. The REFOUT output voltage is 2.048V. For internal reference operation, connect REFOUT directly to REFIN or use a resistive pider from REFOUT to set the voltage at REFIN. For external reference operation, REFOUT is not required and must be bypassed to GND with a >0.1µF capacitor. |
| 68 | REFIN | Single-Ended Reference Analog Input. For internal reference and buffered external reference operation, apply a 0.7V to 2.3V DC reference voltage to REFIN. For unbuffered external reference operation, connect REFIN to GND. In this mode REF_P, REF_N, and COM_ are high impedance inputs that accept the external reference voltages. |
| - | EP | Exposed Paddle. EP is internally connected to GND. Externally connect EP to GND to achieve specified dynamic performance. |
的输入阻抗,差分参考电压(VREF_P - VREF_N)由REFIN产生。在内部基准模式和外部基准缓冲模式下,REFIN通过一个性能良好的、>0.1µF的高频陶瓷电容旁路至GND。在无缓冲的外部基准模式下,REFIN连至GND。 

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图3. MAX12557评估板A通道数字输出原理图

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图4. MAX12557评估板B通道数字输出原理图

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图5. MAX12557评估板时钟电路


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图7. MAX12557评估板底层丝印和元件布局
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